it was inferred

to understand, to read between the lines, to take for granted.

* * *

Conjugation model [ ENTENDER], like link=entender entender

► verbo transitivo

1 (comprender) to understand

2 (deducir) to deduce

► verbo pronominal sobreentenderse

1 to be implied, be inferred

■ se sobreentendía que él había cogido el dinero it was inferred that he'd taken the money

■ se sobreentiende que su respuesta será afirmativa one assumes that she will say yes

* * *

VT (=entender) to understand; (=adivinar) to deduce, infer

sobreentenderse

* * *

verbo transitivo

* * *

verbo transitivo

* * *

sobreentender [E8 ]

no lo dijeron, pero quedó sobreentendido they didn't say so, but it was implied o understood

se sobreentiende que lo tendrá que pagar it goes without saying that he will have to pay for it

se sobreentiende a quién apoya one can guess o deduce who she supports

* * *

* * *

sobreentender = sobrentender

* * *

→ sobrentender, sobrentenderse

* * *

sobreentender {56} vt

: to infer, to understand

. из этого вытекает, что; приходить к выводу

•

Several conclusions were reached (or made, or drawn).

•

From these experiments it was concluded (or inferred) that in order to...

•

To draw a conclusion (or inference).

* * *

 Since sufficient knowledge concerning С for short and long bubbles is lacking, it is difficult to draw any general conclusions.

 A number of observations may be made concerning the results in Figs.....

 From these results, it was inferred that pure water was not a good model of a bird.

 From an analysis of these data, it was concluded that gelatin with 15 volume percent microballoons would make a good replica model of a bird.

 It may also be deduced from Fig. that the percentage reduction in drag is likely to be much greater in long tunnels than in short tunnels.

► verbo pronominal

1 to be implied, be inferred

■ se sobreentendía que él había cogido el dinero it was inferred that he'd taken the money

■ se sobreentiende que su respuesta será afirmativa one assumes that she will say yes

* * *

* * *

→ sobrentender, sobrentenderse

•

From these facts it transpires that binary stars can be visually detected only...

•

This suggests (or From this it follows, or From this it is inferred) that friction can considerably alter the flow forces.

•

It is therefore concluded that...

•

It follows that the two defects disappear pairwise in this range.

•

From this results (or follows) the conclusion that...

* * *

 It follows that the use of a supply pressure boundary condition does improve the prediction of the pressure field.

 From this it was inferred that bird flesh has a density of approximately 1.06 g/cm3.

 No capital cost penalty was assessed against this design. (Увеличение капитальных затрат для этой конструкции не определялось.)

 A second critical number at 2200 was inferred, based on further changes in the shape of the local mass transfer rate profile, to indicate the onset of vortex shedding in the separated region.

 Inasmuch as those measured values of the position cause greatly magnified errors in the second divided difference, it was possible to detect which measurements were not precisely correct.

 By this process, an axial station was identified at which the pure downstream motion was punctuated by the lunges of the reattachment zone.

 A similar result was reported in [...] for cantilever designs with short spans, where bearing deflection controls pinion motion. An opposite trend is displayed for the straddle where the shaft, stiffened by a decrease in length, dictates pinion deflection.

 However, manufacturing considerations will establish a minimum practical fin thickness.

 Finally, the convection currents become established and dominate the heat transfer.

 Also calculated were the transferred volume and the void volume, both of which will be defined in the section describing the transfer model.

 The testing measures your command of the English language in the areas of listening, reading, writing, and speaking.

 As the fan blade material is titanium the pressure instrumented blades are identified magnetically by a flame sprayed soft iron patch applied to the blade tips.

 The temperature gradient on the surface can be determined from the temperature profile.

 System stability was indicated by a vanishing of the sustained oscillatory behavior and the reappearance of the inherent random fluctuations.

 Defect size can thus be measured by frequency as follows.

 F(Tw/T) was found to be unity in this regime if all properties were based on the film temperature.

— выбор определялся наличием, а не конструкцией

— для устранения зазора определить толщину прокладки по месту

— задание значения... определяет

— который ещё нужно определить

— наконец, необходимо определить

— нам всё ещё нужно определить

— нужно ещё определить

— нужно определить

— определив..., можно переходить к

— определить по месту в сборке с дет.

— определяли раньше, исходя из

— определять... по графику

— определять в виде

— определять величину

— определять выбор окончательной конфигурации

— определять границы

— определять двумя методами

— определять достаточно точно

— определять и устранять неисправность

— определять историческое значение

— определять как

— определять, какой из

— определять круг проблем

— определять место, занимаемое

— определять на свет

— определять по изменению

— определять по таблице

— определять порядок использования

— определять, правильно ли работает

— определять причину

— определять размеры деталей

— определять с погрешностью

— определять характер

— определять численно

— остаётся определить, является ли

— отсутствующие размеры определять в соответствии с размерами сопрягаемых деталей

— полностью определять

— попытаться определить причину

— так легко не определить

— точно определять

— часто оказывается достаточным определить

— чтобы определить, в какой степени

— чтобы определить значение

1 to guess, to deduce.

por la luz dedujo que debía de ser tarde he could tell by the light that it must be late

dedujo quién era el asesino he worked out who the killer was

El detective deduce la respuesta The detective deduces the answer.

2 to deduct.

me deducen del sueldo la seguridad social national insurance is deducted from my salary

El contador deduce el impuesto The accountant deduces the tax.

* * *

Conjugation model [ CONDUCIR], like link=conducir conducir

► verbo transitivo

1 to deduce, infer

■ de ahí dedujimos que no había podido jugar from that we deduced that he hadn't been able to play

2 (dinero) to deduct, subtract

► verbo pronominal deducirse

1 to follow

■ de aquí se deduce que... from this it follows that...

* * *

1) to deduce

2) deduct

* * *

1. VT

1) (=inferir) [+ razonamiento, conclusión] to deduce, infer (de from)

2) (=descontar) to deduct

deducirse

* * *

verbo transitivo

1) ( inferir) to deduce

2) ( descontar) to deduct

* * *

= deduct, infer, work out, draw + inference, deduce, gather, make + deduction, make + deduction, reason.

Ex. The price of the demonstration disk is relatively modest and is normally deducted from the full purchase price.

Ex. In many cases this has to be inferred from the position in any given class.

Ex. The details of how the assignment of numbers by authorized agencies would be controlled have yet to be worked out.

Ex. The obvious inference to be drawn is that industry representatives believe that membership of the Community is certainly better for industry.

Ex. The passwords used should be chosen with some care, in order to avoid obvious words or numbers which could easily be deduced by those with a desire to 'beat the system'.

Ex. Her attitude enabled him, and everyone else on the staff from what he could gather in the brief time he had been there, to establish a pleasant familiarity with her.

Ex. The author discusses the various deductions which have been made from the results of the analysis.

Ex. A single bill was made out, and each man took an equal share of the payment, regardless of how many pages he had set; deductions were made only for failings such as unpunctuality.

Ex. Ergo, it was reasoned, an entry under the author's name and the title found on the title page or elsewhere in the book, with a symbol to indicate its location on the shelves, should readily help one find the book desired.

----

* deducir conclusiones = deduce + conclusions.

* deducirse = follow.

* deducirse de = follow from.

* deducir una idea = draw + idea.

* es de deducir que = it follows that.

* * *

verbo transitivo

1) ( inferir) to deduce

2) ( descontar) to deduct

* * *

* * *

deducir [I6 ]

A (inferir) to deduce

como no contestaban deduje que no había nadie as there was no reply, I deduced o assumed there was nobody there

deducir algo DE algo to deduce sth FROM sth

¿qué deduces de todo esto? what do you deduce from all this?, what conclusions do you draw from all this?

de lo anteriormente expuesto se deduce que … from the above, it may be deduced that …

B (descontar) to deduct

* * *

* * *

deducir vt

1. [inferir] to guess, to deduce;

por la luz dedujo que debía de ser tarde he could tell by the light that it must be late;

dedujo quién era el asesino he worked out who the killer was;

¿qué se puede deducir de todo esto? what does all this tell us?, what can be deduced from all this?;

de aquí se deduce que… from this one concludes o infers that…

2. [descontar] to deduct (de from);

* * *

1 deduce

2 COM deduct

* * *

deducir {61} vt

1) inferir: to deduce

2) descontar: to deduct

* * *

deducir vb

1. (sacar una conclusión) to deduce

2. (restar) to deduct

. высказывать предположение о том, что; полагать, что; считать

•

This mechanism is presumed to be adequately represented by...

•

You may anticipate that the stream discharge will increase with increasing basin area.

•

It was originally conceived (or conjectured) that the hydrogen bonds were responsible for...

•

These forms can be surmised.

•

He speculated that the lower mantle was inhomogeneous.

•

The concept of a delocalized π bond suggests orbital occupancy by more than two electrons.

•

The existence of superclusters has long been conjectured (астрон.).

•

It can be inferred (or assumed) that the absorption will be different as well.

•

One can infer that craters have been erased.

•

The theory proposes that there are three or more types of...

•

One may speculate that these two satellites are richer in water than...

•

The liquid temperature will be assumed (as) constant at 122°F.

•

In such cases covalent bonding may be inferred.

•

If "1" be taken as 10 cm,...

•

If a homogeneous medium is thought of as being constituted of...

•

Conventional definitions of environmental extremes presuppose protection of electronic gear by cooling and heating.

•

He surmised that the amount of methane on Titan must be far greater than...

•

For weakly guiding fibres, we anticipate that ε will be small...

•

The heat death of the universe that was contemplated by physicists in the 19th century...

1 to remove, to detach (lo que estaba fijo).

2 to give off.

3 to unfasten, to remove, to detach, to make loose.

Ella desprendió el broche She unfastened the brooch.

4 to emit, to emanate, to give off.

El leño podrido desprende luz The rotting log emits light.

* * *

► verbo transitivo

1 (separar) to detach, remove

2 (soltar) to release

3 (emanar) to give off

► verbo pronominal desprenderse

1 (soltarse) to come off, come away

2 (emanar) to emanate, be given off

3 (renunciar) to part with, give away

■ se desprendió de todo she gave everything away

4 figurado (liberarse) to rid oneself (de, of), free oneself (de, from)

■ se desprendió de la ira he rid himself of his wrath

5 (deducirse) to follow, be inferred, be implied

■ de aquí se desprende que no quiere volver a verte from this it follows that she doesn't want to see you again

* * *

1) to detach, loosen

2) give, emit

•

- desprenderse de

* * *

1. VT

1) (=soltar) [+ gas, olor] to give off; [+ piel, pelo] to shed

2) (=separar)

desprenderse

* * *

verbo transitivo

1) (soltar, separar) < teja> to dislodge; < etiqueta> to detach

2) <gases/chispas/olor> to give off

desprenderse v pron

1) teja to come loose; botón to come off; retina to become detached

2)

a) (renunciar, entregar)

b) (apartarse, separarse)

3) ( deshacerse)

4) ( inferirse)

* * *

verbo transitivo

1) (soltar, separar) < teja> to dislodge; < etiqueta> to detach

2) <gases/chispas/olor> to give off

desprenderse v pron

1) teja to come loose; botón to come off; retina to become detached

2)

a) (renunciar, entregar)

b) (apartarse, separarse)

3) ( deshacerse)

4) ( inferirse)

* * *

desprender¹

¹ = dislodge.

desprender²

² = give off, spout.

* * *

desprender [E1 ]

A (soltar, separar) to detach

logró desprenderlo del eje he succeeded in detaching it from the shaft

los golpes han desprendido parte del revoque part of the plaster has come away o off with all the banging

el rótulo estaba medio desprendido the sign was hanging off its hinges/coming loose

B ‹gases/chispas/olor› to give off

C ( RPl) (desabrochar) ‹botón› to undo

A «botón» to come off; «retina» to become detached

se desprendieron varias tejas several tiles came off (the roof)

se desprendió de su abrazo ( liter); she detached herself from his embrace ( liter)

se desprendió del soporte it came away from o ( frml) detached itself from the support

1 (renunciar, entregar) desprenderse DE algo to part WITH sth

no me voy a desprender de este cuadro I'm not going to part with this picture

no piensa desprenderse del bebé she has no intention of giving up the baby

2 (apartarse, separarse) desprenderse DE algo to let go OF sth

no se desprende de su osito he won't let go of his teddybear

no se me desprende del lado she won't leave my side for a minute

C (deshacerse) desprenderse DE algo/algn to get rid OF sth/sb

no consigue desprenderse de sus prejuicios he doesn't seem able to shake off his prejudices

se desprendió de todos los documentos comprometedores he got rid of all the compromising documents

D (surgir) desprenderse DE algo to emerge FROM sth

este resultado se desprende de las encuestas realizadas this result emerges from o comes out of the surveys that were carried out

lo que se desprende del informe es que … what can be gathered o inferred from the report is that …, what emerges from the report is that …

* * *

* * *

♦ vt

1. [lo que estaba fijo] to remove, to detach;

desprenda la pegatina y envíenosla remove the sticker and send it to us;

el viento ha desprendido esta contraventana the wind has pulled this shutter off;

desprendió los alfileres del vestido she took the pins out of the dress

2. [olor, luz, calor] to give off

3. RP [desabrochar] to undo

♦ See also the pronominal verb desprenderse

* * *

1 detach, separate

2 olor give off

* * *

desprender vt

1) soltar: to detach, to loosen, to unfasten

2) emitir: to emit, to give off

♦ See also the reflexive verb desprenderse

* * *

desprender vb

1. (emitir) to give off [pt. gave; pp. given]

2. (despegar) to take off [pt. took; pp. taken] / to remove

or -AT or -T, a negative suffix to verbs, peculiar to Iceland and a part, at least, of Norway. Occurs frequently in old Icelandic poetry and laws, so as almost to form a complete negative voice. In the 1st pers. a personal pronoun k (g) = ek is inserted before the negative suffix, in the 2nd pers. a t or tt. As a rule the pron. as thus repeated; má-k-at-ek, non possum; sé-k-at-ek, non video; hef-k-at-ek, non habeo; skal-k-at-ek; vil-k-at-ek, nolo; mon-k-at-ek, non ero, etc.: 2nd pers. skal-t-at-tu; mon-t-at-tu; gaf-t-at-tu, non dabas: and after a long vowel a tt, mátt-at-tu, sátt-at-tu; so almost invariably in all monosyllabic verbal forms; but not so in bisyllabic ones, máttir-a-þú, non poteras: yet in some instances in the 1st pers. a pronominal g is inserted, e. g. bjargi-g-a-k, verbally servem ego non ego; höggvi-g-a-k, non cædam; stöðvi-g-a-k, quin sistam; vildi-g-a-k, nolui; hafði-g-a-k, non babui; mátti-g-a-k, non potui; görði-g-a-k, non feci: if the verb has gg as final radical consonants, they change into kk, e. g. þikk-at-ek = þigg-k-at-ek, nolo accipere. In the 3rd pers. a and at or t are used indifferently, t being particularly suffixed to bisyllabic verbal flexions ending in a vowel, in order to avoid an hiatus,—skal-at or skal-a, non erit; but skolo-t, non sunto: forms with an hiatus, however, occur,—bíti-a, non mordat; renni-a, ne currat; skríði-a, id.; leti-a, ne retardet; væri-a, ne esset; urðu-a, non erant; but bíti-t, renni-t, skríði-t, urðu-t are more current forms: v. Lex. Poët. The negative suffix is almost peculiar to indic., conj., and imperat. moods; the neg. infin. hardly occurs. Nothing analogous to this form is to be found in any South-Teutonic idiom; neither do there remain any traces of its having been used in Sweden or Denmark. A single exception is the Runic verse on a stone monument in Öland, an old Danish province, now Swedish, where however the inscriptions may proceed from a Norse or Icel. hand. The Runic inscriptions run thus, sa’r aigi flo, who did not fly, old Icel. ‘flo-at,’ Baut. 1169. Neither does it occur in any Norse prose monuments (laws): but its use may yet be inferred from its occurrence in Norse poets of the 10th century, e. g. the poets Eyvind and Thiodolf; some of which instances, however, may be due to their being transmitted through Icel. oral tradition. In Bragi Gamli (9th century) it occurs twice or thrice; in the Haustlöng four times, in Ynglingatal four times, in Hákonarmál once (all Norse poems of the 10th century). In Icel. the suffixed negation was in full force through the whole of the 10th century. A slight difference in idioms, however, may be observed: Völuspá, e. g., prefers the negation by né (using vas-at only once, verse 3). In the old Hávamal the suffix abounds (being used thirty-five times), see the verses 6, 10, 11, 18, 26, 29, 30, 34, 37–39, 49, 51, 52, 68, 74, 88, 113–115, 126–128, 130, 134, 136, 147, 149, 151, 153, 159. In Skírnismál, Harbarðsljóð, Lokasenna—all these poems probably composed by the same author, and not before the 10th century—about thirty times, viz. Hbl. 3, 4, 8, 14, 26, 35, 56; Skm. 5, 18, 22; Ls. 15, 16, 18, 25, 28, 30, 36, 42, 47, 49, 56, 60, 62. Egil (born circa 900, died circa 990) abounds in the use of the suffixed neg. (he most commonly avails himself of -at, -gi, or né): so, too, does Hallfred (born circa 968, died 1008), Einar Skálaglam in Vellekla (circa 940–995), and Thorarin in the Máhlíðingavísur (composed in the year 981); and in the few epigrams relating to the introduction of Christianity in Icel. (995–1000) there occur mon-k-að-ek, tek-k-at-ek, vil-k-at-ek, hlífði-t, mon-a, es-a; cp. the Kristni S. and Njala. From this time, however, its use becomes more rare. Sighvat (born circa 995, died 1040) still makes a frequent but not exclusive use of it. Subsequent poets use it now and then as an epic form, until it disappeared almost entirely in poetry at the middle or end of the 13th century. In the Sólarljóð there is not a single instance. The verses of some of our Sagas are probably later than the Sagas themselves; the greatest part of the Völsungakviður are scarcely older than the 11th century. In all these -at and conj. eigi are used indifferently. In prose the laws continued to employ the old forms long after they were abolished in common prose. The suffixed verbal negation was used,

α. in the delivering of the oath in the Icel. Courts, esp. the Fifth Court, instituted about the year 1004; and it seems to have been used through the whole of the Icel. Commonwealth (till the year 1272). The oath of the Fifth (High) Court, as preserved in the Grágás, runs in the 1st pers., hefka ek fé borit í dóm þenna til liðs mér um sök þessa, ok ek monka bjóða, hefka ek fundit, ok monka ek finna, hvárki til laga né ólaga, p. 79; and again p. 81, only different as to ek hefka, ek monka (new Ed.): 3rd pers., hefirat hann fé; borit í dóm þenna ok monat hann bjóða, ok hefirat hann fundit, ok monat hann tinna, 80, 81; cp. also 82, and Nj. l. c. ch. 145, where it is interesting to observe that the author confounds the ist and 3rd persons, a sign of decay in grammatical form.

β. the Speaker (lögsögumaðr), in publicly reciting and explaining the law, and speaking in the name of the law, from the Hill of Laws (lögberg), frequently employed the old form, esp. in the legal words of command es and skal (yet seldom in plur.): erat in the dictatorial phrases, erat skyldr (skylt), non esto obligatus; erat landeigandi skyldr, Grág. (Kb.) i. 17; erat hinn skyldr, 21; yngri maðr era skyldr at fasta, 35; enda erat honum þá skylt at …, 48; erat þat sakar spell, 127; era hinn þá skyldr at lýsa, 154; erat hann framar skyldr sakráða, 216; ok erat hann skyldr at ábyrgjask þat fé, 238; ok erat hann skyldr, id.; ok erat sakar aðili ella skyldr, ii. 74; erat hinn skyldr við at taka, 142; erat manni skylt at taka búfé, 143; enda erat heimting til fjár þess, 169; era hann þá skyldr at taka við í öðru fé nema hann vili, 209; ok erat þeim skylt at tíunda fé sitt, 211; ok erat hann skyldr at gjalda tíund af því, 212; erat kirkjudrottinn þá skyldr, 228; ef hann erat landeigandi, i. 136. Skalat: skalat maðr eiga fó óborit, i. 23; skalat homum þat verða optar en um siun, 55; skalat maðr ryðja við sjálfan sik, 62; skalat hann þat svá dvelja, 68; skalat hann til véfangs ganga, 71; skalat aðilja í stefnuvætti hafa, 127; ok skala hann gjalda fyrir þat, 135; ok skalat hann með sök fara, 171; enda skalat hann fleirum baugum bœta, 199; skalat hann skilja félagit, 240; skalat hann meiri skuld eiga en, ii. 4; skalat þeim meðan á brott skipta, 5; skalat hann lögvillr verða, svá, 34; skalat hon at heldr varðveita þat fé, 59; í skalat enn sami maðr þar lengr vera, 71; ok skala honum bæta þat, 79; skalat fyl telja, 89; skalat hann banna fiskför, 123; skalat hann lóga fé því á engi veg, 158; skalat drepa þá menn, 167; skalat svá skipta manneldi, 173; skalat maðr reiðast við fjórðungi vísu, 183. Plur.: skolut menn andvitni bera ok hér á þingi, i. 68; skolut mál hans standast, 71; skolut þeir færi til vefangs ganga en, 75, etc. etc. Other instances are rare: tekrat þar fé er eigi er til (a proverb), i. 9; ok um telrat þat til sakbóta, ok of telrat þá til sakbóta ( it does not count), 178; ef hann villat ( will not) lýsa sár sitt, 51; ok ræðrat hann öðrum mönnum á hendr þann úmaga, 248; ræðrat sá sínum ómögum á hendr, ii. 18; verðrat honum at sakarspelli and verðrat honum þat at s., i. 63; verðrat honum þat at sakarvörn, 149; kömrat hann öðru við, ii. 141; þarfat hann bíða til þess, i. 70; ok skilrat hann frá aðra aura, ii. 141, i. 136. Reflexive form: kömskat hann til heimtingar um þat fé, he loses the claim to the money, ii. 180, etc. All these instances are taken from the Kb. (Ed. 1853). Remarkable is also the ambiguity in the oath of Glum (see Sir Edm. Head, Viga-Glum, pp. 102, 103, note, I. c.), who, instead of the plain common formal oath—vask-at-ek þar, vák-at-ek þar, rauðk-at-ek þar odd ok egg—said, vask at þar, vák at þar, rauðk at þar. He inverted the sense by dropping the intermediate pronominal ek between the verb and þar, and pronouncing ‒ ‒́ instead of ‒́ ⏑. It further occurs in some few proverbs: varat af vöru, sleikði um þvöru, Fs. 159; veldrat sá er varir, Nj. 61 (now commonly ekki veldr sá er v., so in Grett.); erat héra at borgnara þótt hœna beri skjöld, Fms. vii. 116; era hlums vant kvað refr, dró hörpu á ísi, 19: also in some phrases, referred to as verba ipsissima from the heathen age—erat vinum líft Ingimundar, Fs. 39; erat sjá draumr minni, Ld. 128. Thorodd employs it twice or thrice: því at ek sékk-a þess meiri þörf, because í do not see any more reason for this, Skálda 167; kannka ek til þess meiri ráð en lítil, I do not know, id.; mona ( will not) mín móna ( my mammy) við mik göra verst hjóna, 163. In sacred translations of the 12th century it occurs now and then. In the Homilies and Dialogues of Gregory the Great: monatþu í því flóði verða, thou shalt not; esa þat undarligt þótt, it is not to be wondered at; hann máttia sofna, he could not sleep; moncaþ ek banna, I shall not mind, Greg. 51, 53; vasal kall heyrt á strætum, was not, Post. 645. 84; nú mona fríðir menn hér koma, Niðrst. 623. 7. In later writers as an archaism; a few times in the Al. (MS. A. M. 519), 3, 5, 6, 44, 108; and about as many times in the MS. Eirspennill (A. M. 47, fol.) [Etymon uncertain; that at is the right form may be inferred from the assimilation in at-tu, and the anastrophe in t, though the reason for the frequent dropping of the t is still unexplained. The coincidence with the Scottish dinna, canna is quite accidental.]

1 to infer.

Ellos infieren la idea They infer the idea.

2 to inflict (ocasionar) (herida).

Le infirió una herida He inflicted him a wound.

* * *

Conjugation model [ HERVIR], like link=hervir hervir

► verbo transitivo

1 (deducir) to infer (de, from), conclude

2 (daño físico) to inflict; (daño moral) to cause

* * *

1) (=deducir) to infer, deduce

2) (=causar) [+ herida] to inflict (a, en on)

* * *

verbo transitivo

1) ( deducir)

2) (frml) <herida/golpe> to inflict (frml)

* * *

= infer.

Ex. In many cases this has to be inferred from the position in any given class.

* * *

verbo transitivo

1) ( deducir)

2) (frml) <herida/golpe> to inflict (frml)

* * *

* * *

inferir [ I11 ]

A (deducir) inferir algo DE algo to infer o deduce sth FROM sth

de todo ello se infiere que … we can infer o deduce from this that …, from this it may be deduced o inferred that … ( frml)

B ( frml); ‹herida/puñalada/golpe› to inflict ( frml)

el asaltante le infirió una puñalada the attacker inflicted a stab wound on him

puede inferir un daño irreparable a nuestra juventud it could cause o do irreparable harm to our young people

* * *

inferir vt

1. [deducir] to deduce, to infer (de from);

2. [ocasionar] [herida] to inflict;

el toro le infirió una grave cornada he was badly gored by the bull

* * *

1 infer (de from)

2 daño do, cause (a to)

* * *

inferir {76} vt

1) deducir: to infer, to deduce

2) : to cause (harm or injury), to inflict

(n.) = estoppel

Ex. Generally speaking, a estoppel prohibits an individual or group from being harmed as a result of another's deeds, statements or promises, when later actions or statements contradict whas was originally stated, promised, or inferred.

* * *

legal impediment.

* * *

(n.) = estoppel

Ex. Generally speaking, a estoppel prohibits an individual or group from being harmed as a result of another's deeds, statements or promises, when later actions or statements contradict whas was originally stated, promised, or inferred.

* * *

preclusion, estoppel.

* * *

= estoppel.

Ex. Generally speaking, a estoppel prohibits an individual or group from being harmed as a result of another's deeds, statements or promises, when later actions or statements contradict whas was originally stated, promised, or inferred.

----

* preclusión jurídica = estoppel.

* * *

(n.) = estoppel

Ex. Generally speaking, a estoppel prohibits an individual or group from being harmed as a result of another's deeds, statements or promises, when later actions or statements contradict whas was originally stated, promised, or inferred.

* * *

déduire [dedyiʀ]

➭ TABLE 38 transitive verb

[+ somme] to deduct ; ( = conclure) to deduce

• tous frais déduits after deduction of expenses

* * *

1) ( tirer la conséquence) to deduce (de from; que that)

2) ( supposer) to infer (de from; que that)

3) ( soustraire) to deduct (de from)

se déduire verbe pronominal

1) ( être induit) to be inferred (de from)

2) ( découler) to be deduced (de from)

3) ( être soustrait) to be deducted (de from)

* * *

1) (= retrancher) to deduct

2) (= conclure)

* * *

déduire verb table: conduire

A vtr

1 ( tirer la conséquence) to deduce (de from; que that);

2 ( supposer) to infer (de from; que that);

3 ( soustraire) to deduct (de from); frais déduits, une fois déduits les frais after deduction of expenses.

B se déduire vpr

1 ( être induit) to be inferred (de from);

2 ( découler) to be deduced (de from);

3 Compta to be deducted (de from); se déduire des impôts Fisc to be tax-deductible.

[dedɥir] verbe transitif

1. [frais, paiement] to deduct, to take off (separable)

2. [conclure] to deduce, to infer

• Более того, мы заключаем, что... - We infer, moreover, that...

• Таким образом, следует заключить, что... - Consequently, one must conclude that...

• Заключим (= Закончим) данную главу несколькими словами относительно... - We conclude this chapter with a few words on...

• Зная это (= этот набор фактов), мы заключаем, что... - With this framework before us, we realize that...

• По результатам экспериментов Смит [1] заключил, что... - From the results of experiments, Smith [lj concluded that.

• Из своего анализа он заключил (= вывел), что... - Не concludes from his analysis that...

• Из уравнения (3) можно заключить, что... - From equations (3) it can be inferred that...

• Из этих замечаний мы заключаем, что... - We conclude from these remarks that...

• Из этого легко заключить, что... - From this it is easy to deduce that...

• Из этого частного примера мы можем заключить (= сделать вывод), что... - We may infer from this particular example that...

• Используя этот результат, мы можем заключить... - With the help of this result we can deduce...

• Итак, мы заключаем, что невозможно... - We conclude that it is impossible to...

• Мы заключаем (наше изложение и т. п.) примером, иллюстрирующим... - We conclude by giving an example to illustrate...

• Мы заключаем (наше рассмотрение), делая несколько достаточно очевидных, но необходимых замечаний (относительно)... —- We conclude by making some rather obvious but necessary remarks on...

• Мы заключаем данный параграф замечанием, что... - We conclude this section by remarking that...

• Мы заключаем этот параграф кратким анализом... - We conclude this section with a brief analysis of...

• Мы заключаем этот параграф упоминанием другого (метода и т. п.)... - We conclude this section by mentioning another...

• Мы заключаем этот пример наблюдением, что... - We conclude this example with the observation that...

• Мы заключаем (= приходим к выводу), что мы не можем... - We conclude that we cannot...

• Мы заключили соглашение (= договорились) говорить о... - As a matter of convention, we agree to speak of...

• Мы заключим наше рассмотрение кратким

(= небольшим) обсуждением... - We conclude with a brief look at...

• Мы можем заключить, что х > А. - We may conclude that x > A.

• Мы пришли к противоречию и потому заключаем, что... - This is a contradiction and we conclude that...

• Не следует заключать, что... - It is not to be inferred that...

• Подводя итог, можно заключить, что... - Summarizing, one may conclude that...

• Следовательно, мы заключаем, что... - We therefore infer that...

• Следовательно, мы обязаны заключить, что... - We should conclude, therefore, that...

• Следовательно, условия теоремы 1 выполнены, и мы заключаем, что... - The conditions of Theorem 1 are therefore satisfied and we conclude that...

• Так как величина х необходимо положительна, мы заключаем, что... - Since x is necessarily positive, it follows that...

• Таким образом, Смит смог заключить, что... - Smith was thus able to conclude that...

• Таким образом, мы заключаем следующим постулатом. - We thus arrive at the following postulate.

• Учитывая вышесказанное, мы заключаем из (1), что... - Under these circumstances it follows from (1) that...

• Это и заключает наш обзор... - This concludes our review of...

•..., что и следовало ожидать. -..., which was to be expected.

• Безусловно, это следует сделать точно, однако, в основном, это означает, что... - This has to be made precise of course, but essentially it means that...

• В заключение следует доказательство (i). - Finally, (i) is proved as follows.

• В общем случае следует ожидать, что... - In general it should be anticipated that...

• В основном мы следуем процедуре... - In essence we follow the procedure of...

• В результате следует заключить, что... - Consequently, one must conclude that...

• В то же самое время следует помнить, что... - At the same time it must be remembered that...

• Вторым моментом, который следует помнить, является... - A second point to notice is that...

• Данная теорема следует непосредственно из... - This theorem is a direct corollary of...

• Данное утверждение немедленно следует из... - The statement follows at once from...

• Данный результат последует немедленно, если мы сможем показать, что... - The result will follow immediately if we can show that...

• Доказательство следует почти немедленно из определения... - The proof is almost immediate from the definition of...

• Если это тот самый случай, то отсюда следует... - This being the case, it follows that...

• Здесь мы будем следовать исторической хронологии развития. - The historical order of development will be followed here.

• Из данного обсуждения не следует делать вывод, что... - It should not be inferred from this discussion that...

• Из последнего условия следует, что... - Prom the latter condition it follows that...

• Из предыдущего результата немедленно следует тот факт, что... - An immediate corollary of the above result is the fact that...

• Из предыдущих результатов следует, что... - It follows from the foregoing results that...

• Из простых геометрических соображений следует, что... - It follows from simple geometrical considerations that...

• Из симметрии в данном случае очевидно следует, что... - In this case it is obvious from symmetry that...; Prom symmetry it is obvious that...

• Из этого следует... - This implies...; It follows that...

• Из этого уравнения очевидным образом следует, что... - It is evident from this equation that...

• Как следует из теоремы 1... - It follows from Theorem 1 that...

• Наиболее просто следовать этому методу в случае... - The procedure is most simply followed for the case of...

• Наконец, следует не забывать, что... - Finally, one must not forget that...

• Наше доказательство близко следует рассуждениям статьи Иванова [2]. - Our proof of Theorem 2 follows the arguments in Ivanov [2] closely.

• Не следует забывать, что... - It should be remembered that...

• Не следует заключать, что... - It is not to be inferred that...

• Немедленным следствием теоремы 1 является следующее. - An immediate consequence of Theorem 1 is the following.

• Однако (отсюда) не следует, что... - It does not follow, however, that...

• Однако на данном этапе следует отметить, что... - The point to notice at this stage, however, is that...

• Однако следует не забывать, что... (= Однако не следует забывать, что... ) - It should not be forgotten, however, that...

• Однако следует сказать, что... - However, it should be said that...; It has to be said, however, that...

• Однако следует также заметить, что... - It should also be noted, however, that...

• Отсюда будет следовать, что... - This will yield...

• Отсюда немедленно следует, что... - It follows immediately that...

• Отсюда не обязательно следует, что... - It does not necessarily follow that...

• Отсюда следует возрастание... - This involves an increase in...

• Отсюда следует уравнение, связывающее эти две плотности... - Hence follows an equation relating the two densities: (...).

• Отсюда также следует, что... - It also follows that...

• Очевидно, что этот ответ обязан следовать из того факта, что... - The answer must obviously be sought in the fact that...

• Проделывая это, следует помнить, что... - In doing so, it is well to bear in mind that...

• С другой стороны, возможно не следует... - On the other hand, it may not be necessary to...

• Следует (= стоит) отметить... - It is worthwhile to say that...; It should be noted that...

• Следует быть осторожным при использовании этой формулы. - One must be careful in using this formula.

• Следует вспомнить... - It will be recalled...

• Следует обратить внимание на... - It is noteworthy...

• Следует ожидать, что... - It is to be expected that...

• Следует отметить, что... -It is worth noticing that...

• Следует понимать, что... - It is to be understood that...

• Следует проводить различие между... - A distinction needs to be drawn between...

• Следует рассмотреть... - Consideration should be given to...

• Следует сделать еще одно замечание. - One further comment is in order; One further comment should be made.

• Следует уделить внимание методам... - Attention should be given to methods of...

• Следует уделить внимание тому факту, что... - Attention should be paid to the fact that...

• Следует уделять должное внимание... - Due attention should be given to...

• Следует указать... - It should be pointed out...

• Следует, однако, отметить, что... - It is fair to remark, however, that...

• Так как величина х произвольна, отсюда следует, что... - Since х is arbitrary, it follows that...

• Теперь из формы функции g(х) очевидно следует, что... - Now it is obvious from the form of the function g(x) that...

• То, что данное решение является единственным, следует из... - That this solution is unique follows from...

• То, что это справедливо, следует немедленно из... - That this is true follows at once from...

• Тождество (З) легко следует из соотношений (4) и (5). - The identity (3) follows easily from (4), (5).

• Это следует из предположения относительно существования... - This is a consequence of assuming the existence of...

• Это следует из рассуждения, которое мы... - It is for this reason that we have...

• Это следует предотвратить (чем-л). - This must be prevented by...

• Это совершенно очевидно следует из факта, что... - This is at once obvious from the fact that...

► verbo pronominal

1 (soltarse) to come off, come away

2 (emanar) to emanate, be given off

3 (renunciar) to part with, give away

■ se desprendió de todo she gave everything away

4 figurado (liberarse) to rid oneself (de, of), free oneself (de, from)

■ se desprendió de la ira he rid himself of his wrath

5 (deducirse) to follow, be inferred, be implied

■ de aquí se desprende que no quiere volver a verte from this it follows that she doesn't want to see you again

* * *

1) (=soltarse) [pieza, botón] to come off, become detached frm; [roca] to come away; [pintura, cal] to peel, come off

2) [gas, olor] to issue

3)

4) (=concluirse)

* * *

(v.) = drop off, fall from, fall out, flake off, follow, snap off, fall, come + undone, come + loose, come off

Ex. The notched cards, representing relevant documents, will drop off the needle and fall from the bulk of the pack.

Ex. The notched cards, representing relevant documents, will drop off the needle and fall from the bulk of the pack.

Ex. In time, however, the rubber on which these gurta percha (or caoutchouc) bindings depended perished, and the leaves fell out.

Ex. Reader use, exhibitions and reproductions, age, pigment damages, and the dry air caused by the radiators, often cause the layer of pigment in the miniatures of old manuscripts to loosen or flake off.

Ex. It automatically follows that any concept belonging to this facet will constitute a distributed relative.

Ex. The jet ultimately shot up fully vertically -- at which point the wings snapped off and the whole works careened down into the ocean.

Ex. There may be pale drip marks in the neighbourhood of the tranchefiles, where drops of water fell from the deckle or from the maker's hand on to the new-made sheet.

Ex. Ultimately, thought, understood as part of high culture, has come undone.

Ex. It appeared that the digger came loose on the trailer and fell onto the stone wall.

Ex. No sooner said than done -- he slipped a dog collar around Pinocchio's neck and tightened it so that it would not come off.

* * *

* * *

* * *

vpr

1. [soltarse] to come o fall off;

la etiqueta se desprendió del vestido the label came o fell off the dress;

se te ha desprendido un botón you've lost a button;

se está desprendiendo la pintura del techo the paint is coming off the ceiling

2. [librarse]

despréndete de todas esas ideas anticuadas get rid of o forget all those old-fashioned ideas

3. [renunciar]

no nos queremos desprenderse de la mesa we don't want to part with the table

4. [apartarse]

no se desprendía de su madre she wouldn't leave her mother's side

5. [deducirse]

de sus palabras se desprende que… from his words it is clear o it can be seen that…

* * *

1 come off

desprenderse de fig: posesión part with

de este estudio se desprende que what emerges from the study is that

* * *

vr

1) : to come off, to come undone

2) : to be inferred, to follow

desprenderse de : to part with, to get rid of

* * *

desprenderse vb to come off [pt. came; pp. come]

दुर् ind. (A prefix substituted for दुस् before words beginning with vowels or soft consonants in the sense of 'bad'. 'hard' or 'difficult to do a certain thing'; for compounds with दुस् as first member see दुस् s. v.).

-Comp. -अक्ष a.

1 weak-eyed.

-2 evileyed.

(-क्षः) 1 a loaded or false die.

-2 dishonest gambling.

-अक्षरम् an evil word; श्रुतिं ममाविश्य भवद्दुरक्षरं सृजत्यदः कीटकवदुत्कटा रुजः N.9.63.

-अतिक्रम a. difficult to be overcome or conquered, unconquerable; सर्वं तु तपसा साध्यं तपो हि दुरति- क्रमम् Ms.11.2.38; स्वभावो दुरतिक्रमः 'nature cannot be changed'; स्वजातिर्दुरतिक्रमा Pt.1.

-2 insurmountable, impassable; B. R.6.18-19.

-3 inevitable. (

-मः) an epithet of Viṣṇu.

-अत्यय a.

1 difficult to be overcome; स्वर्गमार्गपरिघो दुरत्ययः R.11.88.

-2 hard to be attained or fathomed; स एष आत्मा स्वपरेत्यबुद्धिभिर्दुरत्यया- नुक्रमणो निरूप्यते Bhāg.7.5.13.

-अदृष्टम् ill-luck, misfortune.

-अधिग, -अधिगम a.

1 hard to reach or attain, unattainable; Bhāg.3.23.8; दुरधिगमः परभागो यावत्पुरुषेण पौरुषं न कृतम् Pt.1.33.

-2 insurmountable.

-3 hard to be studied or understood; इह दुरधिगमैः किञ्चि- देवागमैः Ki.5.18.

-अधिष्ठित a. badly performed, managed, or executed. (

-तम्) improper stay at a place.

-अधीत a. badly learnt or read.

-अध्यय a.

1 difficult of attainment; सहस्रवर्त्मा चपलैर्दुरध्ययः Śi.12.11.

-2 hard to be studied.

-अध्यवसायः a foolish undertaking.

-अध्वः a bad road; स्वयं दुरध्वार्णवनाविकाः कथं स्पृशन्तु विज्ञाय हृदापि तादृशीम् N.9.33.

-अन्त a.

1 whose end is difficult to be reached, endless, infinite; संकर्षणाय सूक्ष्माय दुरन्तायान्तकाय च Bhāg.

-2 ending ill or in misery, unhappy; अहो दुरन्ता बलवद्विरोधिता Ki.1.23; नृत्यति युवति- जनेन समं सखि विरहिजनस्य दुरन्ते (वसन्ते) Gīt.1; इयमुदरदरी- दुरन्तधारा यदि न भवेदभिमानभङ्गभूमिः Udb.

-3 hard to be understood or known.

-4 insurmountable.

-अन्तक a. = दुरन्त q. v. (

-कः) an epithet of Śiva.

-अन्वय a.

1 difficult to be passed along; Mb.14.51.17.

-2 hard to be carried out or followed.

-3 difficult to be attained. or understood; बुद्धिश्च ते महाप्राज्ञ देवैरपि दुरन्वया Rām.3. 66.18.

-4 not suitable, improper; वचो दुरन्वयं विप्रास्तूष्णी- मासन्भ्रमद्धियः Bhāg.1.84.14.

(-यः) 1 a wrong conclusion, one wrongly inferred from given premisses.

-2 (in gram.) a false agreement.

-अपवादः ill report. slander.

-अभिग्रह a. difficult to be caught.

-अभि- मानिन् a. vain-glorious, disagreeably proud.

- अवगम a. incomprehensible; Bhāg.5.13.26.

-अवग्रह a.

1 difficult to be restrained or subjugated; भक्ता भजस्व दुरवग्रह मा त्यजास्मान् Bhāg.1.29.31.

-2 disagreeable.

-अवग्राह a. difficult to be attained; Bhāg.7.1.19.

-अवच्छद a. difficult to be hidden; हेतुभिर्लक्षयांचक्रुराप्रीतां दुरवच्छदैः Bhāg.1.62.28.

-अवबोध a. unintelligible. Bhāg.1.49.29.

-अवसित a. unfathomed, difficult to be ascertained, द्युपतिभिरजशक्रशंकराद्यैर्दुरवसितस्तवमच्युतं नतो$स्मि Bhāg.12.12.67.

-अवस्थ a. ill off, badly or poorly circumstanced.

-अवस्था, -स्थानम् a wretched or miser- able state; Bhāg.5.3.12.

-अवाप a. difficult to be gained or fulfilled; Ś.1.

-अवेक्षितम् an improper look.

-अह्नः a bad day.

-आकृति a. ugly, mis-shaped.

-आक्रन्द a. crying bitterly or miserably; किं क्रन्दसि दुराक्रन्द स्वपक्ष- क्षयकारक Pt.4.29.

-आक्रम a.

1 invincible, unconquer- able.

-2 difficult to be passed.

-आक्रमणम् 1 unfair attack.

-2 difficult approach.

-आगमः improper or illegal acquisition.

-आग्रहः foolish obstinacy, head- strongness, pertinacity; ममाहमित्यूढदुराग्रहाणां पुंसाम् Bhāg.3. 5.43.

- आचर a.

1 hard to be performed.

-2 incurable (as a disease).

-आचार a.

1 ill-conducted, badly be- haved.

-2 following bad practices, wicked, depraved; अपि चेत्सुदुराचारो भजते मामनन्यभाक् Bg.9.3. (

-रः) bad practice, ill-conduct, wikedness.

-आढ्य a. not rich, poor.

-आत्मता vileness, baseness, wickedness.

-आत्मन् a. evil-natured, low, wicked, vile, base, mean; ये च प्राहुर्दुरात्मानो दुराराध्या महीभुजः Pt.1.39. (-m.) a rascal, villain, scoundrel.

- आधर a. difficult to be withstood or overpowered, irresistible.

-आधर्ष a. hard to be approached or assailed, unassailable जगन्नाथो दुराधर्षो गङ्गां भागीरथीं प्रति Mb.

-2 not to be attacked with impu- nity.

-3 haughty. (

-र्षः) white mustard.

-आधारः an epithet of Śiva.

-आधिः (m.)

1 distress or anxiety of mind; निरस्तनारीसमया दुराधयः Ki.1.28.

-2 indignation.

-आधी a. Ved. malignant, thinking ill of.

- आनम a. difficult to bend or draw; स विचिन्त्य धनुर्दुरानमम् R.11.38.

-आप a.

1 difficult to be obtained; श्रिया दुरापः कथमीप्सितो भवेत् Ś.3.13; R.1.72;6.62.

-2 difficult to be ap- proached; Pt.1.67.

-3 hard to be overcome.

-आपादन a. difficult to be brought about; किं दुरापादनं तेषाम् Bhāg.3.23.42.

-आपूर a. difficult to be filled or satisfied; Bhāg.7.6.8.

-आबाध a. hard to be molested. (

-धः) N. of Śiva.

-आमोदः bad scent, stench; शवधूमदुरामोदः शालिभक्ते$त्र विद्यते Ks.82.22.

-आराध्य a. difficult to be propitiated, hard to be won over or conciliated; दुराराध्याः श्रियो राज्ञां दुरापा दुष्परिग्रहाः Pt.1.38.

-आरुह a. difficult to be mounted.

(-हः) 1 the Bilva tree.

-2 the cocoanut tree.

-3 the date tree.

-आरोप a. difficult to be strung (bow); दुरारोपमैन्दुशेखरं धनुर्दुर्निवारा रावणभुजदण्डाः B. R.1.46-47.

-आरोह a. difficult of ascent.

(-हः) 1 The cocoanut tree.

-2 the palm tree.

-3 the date tree.

-आलापः 1 a curse, imprecation.

-2 foul of abusive language.

-आलोक a.

1 difficult to be seen or perceived.

-2 painfully bright, dazzling; दुरालोकः स समरे निदाघाम्बररत्नवत् K. P.1. (

-कः) dazzling splendour.

-आव(वा)र a.

1 difficult to be covered or filled up; दुरावरं त्वदन्येन राज्यखण्डमिदं महत् Rām.2.15.5.

-2 difficult to be restrained, shut in, kept back or stopped.

-आवर्त a. difficult to be convinced or set up; भवन्ति सुदुरावर्ता हेतुमन्तो$पि पण्डिताः Mb.12.19.23.

- आशय a.

1 evil-minded, wicked, malicious, स्फुटनिर्भिन्नो दुराशयो$धमः Śi. उपेयिवान् मूलमशेषमूलं दुराशयः कामदुघाङ्घ्रिपस्य Bhāg.3.21.15.

-2 having a bad place or rest. (-m.) the subtle body which is not destroyed by death (लिङ्गदेह); एतन्मे जन्म लोके$स्मिन्मुमुक्षूणां दुराशयात् Bhāg.3.24. 36.

-आशा 1 a bad or wicked desire.

-2 hoping against hope.

-आस a. difficult to be abided or associated with; संघर्षिणा सह गुणाभ्यधिकैर्दुरासम् Śi.5.19.

- आसद a.

1 difficult to be approached or overtaken; स सभूव दुरासदः परैः R.3.66; 8.4; Mv.2.5; 4.15.

-2 difficult to be found or met with.

-3 unequalled, unparalleled.

-4 hard to be borne, insupportable.

-5 difficult to be conquered, unassailable, unconquerable; जहि शत्रुं महाबाहो कामरूपं दुरासदम् Bg.3.43. (

-दः) an epithet of Śiva.

-इत a.

1 difficult.

-2 sinful.

(-तम्) 1 a bad course, evil, sin; दरिद्राणां दैन्यं दुरितमथ दुर्वासनहृदां द्रुतं दूरीकुर्वन् G. L.2; R.8.2; Amaru.2; Mv.3.43.

-2 a difficulty, danger.

-3 a calamity, evil; अपत्ये यत्तादृग्- दुरितमभवत् U.4.3.

-इतिः f. Ved.

1 a bad course.

-2 difficulty.

-इष्टम् 1 a curse, imprecation.

-2 a spell or sacrificial rite performed to injure another person.

-ईशः a bad lord or master.

-ईषणा, -एषणा 1 a curse, an imprecation.

-2 an evil eye.

-उक्त a. harshly utter- ed; Pt.1.89.

-उक्तम्, -उक्तिः f. offensive speech, reproach, abuse, censure; लक्ष्मि क्षमस्व वचनीयमिदं दुरुक्तम् Udb.

-उच्छेद a. difficult to be destroyed.

-उत्तर a.

1 unanswerable.

-2 difficult to be crossed; दुरुत्तरे पङ्क इवान्धकारे Bk.11.2; प्राप्तः पङ्को दुरुत्तरः Ki.15.17.

- उदय a. appearing with difficulty, not easily manifested; यो$ नात्मनां दुरुदयो भगवान्प्रतीतः Bhāg.3.16.5.

-उदर्क a. having bad or no consequences; N.5.41.

-उदाहर a. diffi- cult to be pronounced or composed; अनुज्झितार्थसंबन्धः प्रबन्धो दुरुदाहरः Śi.2.73.

-उद्वह a. burdensome, unbear- able.

- उपसद a. difficult of approach; Ki.7.9.

-उपसर्पिन् a. approaching incautiously; एकमेव दहत्यग्निर्नरं दुरुपसर्पिणम् Ms.7.9.

-ऊह a. abstruse; जानीते जयदेव एव शरणः श्लाघ्ये दुरूहद्रुते Gīt.

-एव a. Ved.

1 having evil ways.

-2 irresis- tible, unassailable. (

-वः) a wicked person.

-ओषस् a. Ved. slow, lazy.

- ग 1 difficult of access, inaccessible, impervious, impassable; दुर्गस्त्वेष महापन्थाः Mb.12.3. 5; दुर्गं पथस्तत्कवयो वदन्ति Kaṭh.1.3.14.

-2 unattain- able.

-3 incomprehensible.

-4 following wicked path, vicious; Rām.2.39.22.

(-गः, -गम्) 1 a difficult or narrow passage through a wood or over a stream, mountain &c., a defile, narrow pass.

-2 a citadel. fortress, castle; न दुर्गं दुर्गमित्येव दुर्गमं मन्यते जनः । तस्य दुर्गमता सैव यत्प्रभुस्तस्य दुर्गमः ॥ Śiva. B.16.61.

-3 rough ground.

-4 difficulty, adversity, calamity, distress, danger; निस्तारयतिं दुर्गाच्च Ms.3.98;11.43; मच्चित्तः सर्व- दुर्गाणि मत्प्रसादात्तरिष्यसि; Bg.18.58.

(-गः) 1 bdellium.

-2 the Supreme Being.

-3 N. of an Asura slain by Durgā (thus receiving her name from him). ˚अध्यक्षः, ˚पतिः, ˚पालः the commandant or governor of a castle. ˚अन्तः The suburb of a fort; दुर्गान्ते सिद्धतापसाः Kau. A. 1.12. ˚कर्मन् n. fortification. ˚कारक a. making difficult. (

-कः) the birch tree. ˚घ्नी N. of Durgā. ˚तरणी an epithet of Sāvitrī. सावित्री दुर्गतरणी वीणा सप्तविधा तथा Mb. ˚मार्गः a defile, gorge. ˚लङ्घनम् surmounting difficu- lties. (

-नः) a camel. ˚संचरः

1 a difficult passage as to a fort &c., a bridge &c. over a defile. ˚संस्कारः Repairs to the old forts; अतो दुर्गसंस्कार आरब्धव्ये किं कौमुदीमहोत्सवेन Mu. ˚सिंहः N. of the author of कलापपरिशिष्ट. ˚व्यसनम् a defect or weak point in a fortress. (

-र्गा) an epithet of Pārvatī, wife of Śiva.

-2 the female cuckoo

-3 N. of several plants. ˚नवमी the 9th day of the bright half of कार्तिक. ˚पूजा the chief festival in honour of दुर्गा in Bengal in the month of Āśvina.

-गत a.

1 unfortunate, in bad circumstances; समाश्वसिमि केनाहं कथं प्राणिमि दुर्गतः Bk.18.1.

-2 indigent, poor.

-3 distressed, in trouble.

-गतता ill-luck, poverty, misery; तावज्जन्मातिदुःखाय ततो दुर्गतता सदा Pt.1.265.

-गतिः f.

1 misfortune, poverty, want, trouble, indigence; न हि कल्याणकृत्कश्चिद् दुर्गतिं तात गच्छति Bg.6.4.

-2 a difficult situation or path.

-3 hell.

-गन्ध a. ill-smelling.

(-न्धः) 1 bad odour, stink

-2 any ill-smelling substance.

-3 an onion.

-4 the mango tree. (

-न्धम्) sochal salt.

-गन्धि, -गन्धिन् a. ill-smelling.

-गम a.

1 impassable, inaccessible, impervious; कामिनीकायकान्तारे कुचपर्वतदुर्गमे Bh.1.86; Śi. 12.49.

-2 unattainable, difficult of attainment.

-3 hard to be understood. (

-मम्) a difficult place like hill etc; भ्राम्यन्ते दुर्गमेष्वपि Pt.5.81.

-गाढ, -गाध, -गाह्य a. difficult to be fathomed or investigated, unfathomable.

-गुणितम् not properly studied; चिराम्यस्तपथं याति शास्त्रं दुर्गुणितं यथा Avimārakam.2.4.

-गोष्ठी evil association; conspiracy. वृद्धो रक्कः कम्पनेशो दुर्गोष्ठीमध्यगो$भवत् Rāj. T.6. 17.

-ग्रह a.

1 difficult to be gained or accomplished.

-2 difficult to be conquered or subjugated; दुर्गाणि दुर्ग्रहाण्यासन् तस्य रोद्धुरपि द्विषाम् R.17.52.

-3 hard to be understood.

(-हः) 1 a cramp, spasm.

-2 obstinacy.

-3 whim, monomania; कथं न वा दुर्ग्रहदोष एष ते हितेन सम्य- ग्गुरुणापि शम्यते N.9.41.

-घट a.

1 difficult. कार्याणि घटयन्नासीद् दुर्घटान्यपि हेलया Rāj. T.4.364.

-2 impossible.

-घण a.

1 closely packed together, very compact.

-घुरुटः An unbeliever; L. D. B.

-घोषः 1 a harsh cry.

-2 a bear.

-जन a.

1 wicked, bad, vile.

-2 slanderous, malicious, mischievous; यथा स्त्रीणां तथा वाचां साधुत्वे दुर्जनो जनः U.1.6. (

-नः) a bad or wicked person, a malicious or mischievous man, villain; दुर्जनः प्रियवादी च नैतद्विश्वास- कारणम् Chāṇ.24,25; शाम्येत्प्रत्यपकारेण नोपकारेण दुर्जनः Ku.2.4. (दुर्जनायते Den. Ā. to become wicked; स्वजनो$पि दरिद्राणां तत्क्षणाद् दुर्जनायते Pt.1.5.). (दुर्जनीकृ [च्वि] to make blameworthy; दुर्जनीकृतास्मि अनेन मां चित्रगतां दर्शयता Nāg.2).

-जय a. invincible. (

-यः) N. of Viṣṇu.

-जर a.

1 ever youthful; तस्मिन्स्तनं दुर्जरवीर्यमुल्बणं घोराङ्कमादाय शिशोर्दधावथ Bhāg.1.6.1.

-2 hard (as food), indigestible.

-3 difficult to be enjoyed; राजश्रीर्दुर्जरा तस्य नवत्वे भूभुजो$भवत् Rāj. T.5.19.

-जात a.

1 unhappy, wretched.

-2 bad-tempered, bad, wicked; Rāj. T.3. 142.

-3 false, not genuine. ˚जीयिन् a. one who is born in vain; यो न यातयते वैरमल्पसत्त्वोद्यमः पुमान् । अफलं जन्म तस्याहं मन्ये दुर्जातजायिनः ॥ Mb.

(-तम्) 1 a misfortune, calamity, difficulty; त्वं तावद् दुर्जाते मे$त्यन्तसाहाय्यकारिणी भव M.3; दुर्जातबन्धुः R.13.72. 'a friend in need or adversity.'

-2 impropriety.

-जाति a.

1 bad natured, vile, wicked; रुदितशरणा दुर्जातीनां सहस्व रुषां फलम् Amaru.96.

-2 out- cast. (

-तिः f.) misfortune, ill condition.

-ज्ञान, -ज्ञेय a. difficult to be known, incomprehensible. उच्चावचेषु भुतेषु दुर्ज्ञेयामकृतात्मभिः Ms.6.73. (

-यः) N. of Śiva.

-णयः, -नयः, -नीतिः 1 bad conduct.

-2 impropriety

-3 in- justice.

-णामन्, -नामन् a. having a bad name.

-णीत a.

1 ill-behaved.

-2 impolitic.

-3 forward. (

-तम्) miscon- duct; दुर्णीतं किमिहास्ति किं सुचरितं कः स्थानलाभे गुणः H.

-दम, -दमन, -दम्य a. difficult to be subdued, untamable, indomitable.

-दर्श a.

1 difficult to be seen.

-2 dazzling; सुदुर्दर्शमिदं रूपं दृष्टवानसि यन्मन Bg.11.52.

-दर्शन a. ugly, ill-looking; दुर्दर्शनेन घटतामियमप्यनेन Māl.2.8.

-दशा a misfortune, calamity.

-दान्त a.

1 hard to be tamed or subdued, untamable; Śi.12.22.

-2 intractable, proud, insolent; दुर्दान्तानां दमनविधयः क्षत्रियेष्वायतन्ते Mv.3.34.

(-तः) 1 a calf.

-2 a strife, quarrel.

-3 N. of Śiva.

-दिन a. cloudy, rainy.

(-नम्) 1 a bad day in general; तद्दिनं दुर्दिनं मन्ये यत्र मित्रागमो हि न Subhāṣ.

-2 a rainy or cloudy day, stormy or rainy weather; उन्नमत्यकालदुर्दिनम् Mk.5; Ku.6 43; Mv.4.57.

-3 a shower (of any- thing); द्विषां विषह्य काकुत्स्थस्तत्र नाराचदुर्दिनम् ॥ सन्मङ्गलस्नात इव R.4.41,82;5.47; U.5.5.

-4 thick darkness; जीमूतैश्च दिशः सर्वाश्चक्रे तिमिरदुर्दिनाः Mb. (दुर्दिनायते Den. Ā. to become cloudy.)

-दिवसः a dark or rainy day; Pt.1.173.

-दुरूटः, -ढः 1 an unbeliever

-2 an abusive word.

-दृश a.

1 disagreeable to the sight, disgusting; दुर्दृशं तत्र राक्षसं घोररूपमपश्यत्सः Mb.1.2.298.

-2 difficult to be seen; पादचारमिवादित्यं निष्पतन्तं सुदुर्दृशम् Rām.7.33.5.

-दृष्ट a. ill- judged or seen, wrongly decided; Y.2.35.

-दैवम् ill-luck, misfortune.

-द्यूतम् an unfair game.

-द्रुमः onion (green).

-धर a.

1 irresistible, difficult to be stopped.

-2 difficult to be borne or suffered; दुर्धरेण मदनेन साद्यते Ghat.11; Ms.7.28.

-3 difficult to be accomplished.

-4 difficult to be kept in memory. (

-रः) quicksilver.

-धर्ष a.

1 inviolable, unassailable.

-2 inaccessible; संयोजयति विद्यैव नीचगापि नरं सरित् । समुद्रमिव दुर्धर्षं नृपं भाग्य- मतः परम् ॥ H. Pr.5.

-3 fearful, dreadful.

-4 haughty.

-धी a. stupid, silly.

-नयः 1 arrogance.

-2 immorality.

-3 evil strategy; उन्मूलयितुमीशो$हं त्रिवर्गमिव दुर्नयः Mu.5.22.

-नामकः piles. ˚अरिः a kind of bulbous root (Mar. सुरण).

-नामन् m. f. a cockle. (-n.) piles.

-निग्रह a. irre- pressible, unruly; मनो दुर्निग्रहं चलम् Bg.6.35.

-निमित a. carelessly put or placed on the ground; पदे पदे दुर्निमिते गलन्ती R.7.1.

-निमित्तम् 1 a bad omen; R.14.5.

-2 a bad pretext.

-निवार, -निवार्य a. difficult to be check- ed or warded off, irresistible, invincible.

-नीतम् 1 mis- conduct, bad policy, demerit, misbehaviour; दुर्णीतं किमि- हास्ति Pt.2.21; H.1.49.

-2 ill-luck.

-नीतिः f. mal- administration; दुर्नीतिं तव वीक्ष्य कोपदहनज्वालाजटालो$पि सन्; Bv.4.36.

-नृपः a bad king; आसीत् पितृकुलं तस्य भक्ष्यं दुर्नृप- रक्षसः Rāj. T.5.417.

-न्यस्त a. badly arranged; दुर्न्यस्त- पुष्परचितो$पि Māl.9.44.

-बल a.

1 weak, feeble.

-2 enfeebled, spiritless; दुर्बलान्यङ्गकानि U.1.24.

-3 thin, lean, emaciated; U.3.

-4 small, scanty, little; स्वार्थोप- पत्तिं प्रति दुर्बलाशः R.5.12.

-बाध a. Unrestrained (अनिवार); दुर्बाधो जनिदिवसान्मम प्रवृद्धः (आधिः); Mv.6.28.

-बाल a.

1 bald-headed.

-2 void of prepuce.

-3 having crook- ed hair.

-बुद्धि a.

1 silly, foolish, stupid.

-2 perverse, evil-minded, wicked; धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः (समा- गताः) Bg.1.23

-बुध a. wicked-minded, silly; Mb. 11.4.18.

-बोध a. unintelligible, unfathomable, inscru- table; निसर्गदुर्बोधमबोधविक्लवाः क्व भूपतीनां चरितं क्व जन्तवः Ki. 1.6.

-भग a.

1 unfortunate, unlucky; श्रीवल्लभं दुर्भगाः (निन्दन्ति) Pt.1.415.

-2 not possessed of good features, ill-looking.

-भगा 1 a wife disliked by her husband; दुर्भगाभरणप्रायो ज्ञानं भारः क्रियां विना H.1.17.

-2 an ill-tempered woman, a shrew.

-3 a widow;

-भर a. insupportable, burdensome, heavily laden with (comp.); ततो राजाब्रवीदेतं बहुव्यसनदुर्भरः Ks.112.156.

-भाग्य a. unfortunate, unlucky. (

ग्यम्) ill-luck.

-भावना 1 an evil thought.

-2 a bad tendency.

-भिक्षम् 1 scarcity of provisions, dearth, famine; Y.2.147; Ms.8.22; उत्सवे व्यसने चैव दुर्भिक्षे... यस्तिष्ठति स बान्धवः H.1.71; Pt.2.

-2 want in general.

-भिद, -भेद, -भेद्य a. firm; सुजनस्तु कनकघटवद् दुर्भेद्यश्चाशु संध्येयः Subhāṣ.

-भृत्यः a bad servant.

-भिषज्यम् incurability; Bṛi. Up.4.3.14.

-भ्रातृ m. a bad brother.

-मङ्कु a. obstinate, disobedient.

-मति a.

1 silly, stupid, foolish, ignorant.

-2 wicked, evilminded; न सांपरायिकं तस्य दुर्मतेर्विद्यते फलम् Ms.11.3.

-मद a. drun- ken, ferocious, maddened, infatuated; Bhāg.1.15.7.

-दः foolish pride, arrogance.

-दम् the generative organ; ग्रामकं नाम विषयं दुर्मदेन समन्वितः Bhāg.4.25.52.

-मनस् a. troubled in mind, discouraged, disspirited, sad, malancholy; अद्य बार्हस्पतः श्रीमान् युक्तः पुष्येण राघवः । प्रोच्यतै ब्राह्मणैः प्राज्ञैः केन त्वमसि दुर्मनाः ॥ Rām. [दुर्मनायते Den. Ā. to be troubled in mind, be sad, meditate sorrowfully, to be disconso- late, become vexed or fretted; Māl.3].

-मनुष्यः a bad or wicked man.

-मन्त्रः, -मन्त्रितम्, -मन्त्रणा evil advice, bad counsel; दुर्मन्त्रान्नृपतिर्विनश्यति; Pt.1.169.

-मरम् a hard or difficult death; Mb.14.61.9.

-मरी a kind of दूर्वा grass.

-मरणम् violent or unnatural death.

-मर्ष a.

1 unbearable; Bhāg.6.5.42.

-2 obstinate, hostile.

-मर्षणः N. of Viṣṇu.

-मर्षित a. provocated, encouraged; एवं दुर्मर्षितो राजा स मात्रा बभ्रुवाहनः Mb.14. 79.13,

-मर्याद a. immodest, wicked.

-मल्लिका, -मल्ली a minor drama, comedy, farce; S. D.553.

-मित्रः 1 a bad friend.

-2 an enemy.

-मुख a.

1 having a bad face, hideous, ugly; Bh.1.9.

-2 foul-mouthed, abusive, scurrilous; Bh.2.69.

(-खः) 1 a horse.

-2 N. of Śiva.

-3 N. of a serpent king (Nm.)

-4 N. of a monkey (Nm.)

-5 N. of a year (29th year out of 6 years cycle).

-मूल्य a. highly priced, dear.

-मेधस् a. silly, foolish, dull-headed, dull; Pt.1. (-m.) a dunce, dull-headed man, blockhead; ग्रन्थानधीत्य व्याकर्तु- मिति दुर्मेधसो$प्यलम् Śi.2.26.

-मैत्र a. unfriendly, hostile; Bhāg.7.5.27.

-यशस् n. ill-repute, dishonour.

-योगः 1 bad or clumsy contrivance.

-2 a bad combi- nation.

-योध, -योधन a. invincible, unconquerable. (

-नः) the eldest of the 11 sons of Dhṛitarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī. [From his early years he conceived a deep hatred for his cousins the Pāṇḍavas, but particularly Bhīma, and made every effort he could to compass their destruction. When his father pro- posed to make Yudhiṣṭhira heir-apparent, Duryodhana did not like the idea, as his father was the reigning sovereign, and prevailed upon his blind father to send the Pāṇḍavas away into exile. Vāraṇāvata was fixed upon as their abode, and under pretext of constructing a palatial building for their residence, Duryodhana caused a palace to be built mostly of lac, resin and other combustible materials, thereby hoping to see them all destroyed when they should enter it. But the Paṇḍavas were forewarned and they safely escaped. They then lived at Indraprastha, and Yudhiṣṭhira performed the Rājasuya sacrifice with great pomp and splendour. This event further excited the anger and jealousy of Duryodhana, who was already vexed to find that his plot for burning them up had signally failed, and he induced his father to invite the Pāṇḍavas to Hastināpura to play with dice (of which Yudhiṣṭhira was particularly fond). In that gambling-match, Duryodhana, who was ably assisted by his maternal uncle Śakuni, won from Yudhiṣṭhira everything that he staked, till the infatuated gambler staked himself, his brothers, and Draupadī herself, all of whom shared the same fate. Yudhiṣṭhira, as a condition of the wager, was forced to go to the forest with his wife and brothers, and to remain there for twelve years and to pass one addi- tional year incognito. But even this period, long as it was, expired, and after their return from exile both the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas made great preparations for the inevitable struggle and the great Bhāratī war commenced. It lasted for eighteen days during which all the Kauravas, with most of their allies, were slain. It was on the last day of the war that Bhīma fought a duel with Duryodhana and smashed his thigh with his club.] मोघं तवेदं भुवि नामधेयं दुर्योधनेतीह कृतं पुरस्तात् न हीह दुर्योधनता तवास्ति पलायमानस्य रणं विहाय Mb.4.65.17.

-योनि a. of a low birth, न कथंचन दुर्योनिः प्रकृतिं स्वां नियच्छति Ms.1.59.

-लक्ष्य a. difficult to be seen or perceived, hardly visible.

-क्ष्यम् bad aim; मनः प्रकृत्यैव चलं दुर्लक्ष्यं च तथापि मे Ratn.3.2.

-लभ a.

1 difficult to be attained, or accomplished; R.1.67;17.7; Ku.4.4;5.46,61; दुर्लभं भारते जन्म मानुष्यं तत्र दुर्लभम् Subhāṣ.

-2 difficult to be found or met with, scarce, rare; शुद्धान्तदुर्लभम् Ś.1.17.

-3 best, excellent, eminent.

-ग्रामः a village situated close to a large village and inhabited by the free-holders (अग्र- हारोपजीविनः); Māna.1.79-8.

-4 dear, beloved.

-5 costly.

-ललित a.

1 spoilt by fondling, fondled too much, hard to please; हा मदङ्कदुर्ललित Ve.4; V.2.8; Māl.9.

-2 (hence) wayward, naughty, illbred, unruly; स्पृहयामि खलु दुर्ललितायास्मै Ś.7. (

-तम्) waywardness, rudeness.

-लेख्यम् a forged document. Y.2.91.

-वच a.

1 difficult to be described, indescribable. अपि वागधिपस्य दुर्वचं वचनं तद् विदधीत विस्मयम् Ki.2.2.

-2 not to be talked about.

-3 speaking improperly, abusing. (

-चम्) abuse, censure, foul language.

-वचस् n. abuse, censure; असह्यं दुर्वचो ज्ञातेर्मेघा- न्तरितरौद्रवत् Udb.

-वर्ण a. bad-coloured.

-र्णः 1 bad colour.

-2 impurity; यथा हेम्नि स्थितो वह्निर्दुवर्णं हन्ति धातु- जम् Bhāg.12.3.47.

(-र्णम्) 1 silver. दुर्वर्णभित्तिरिह सान्द्रसुधासुवर्णा Śi.4.28.

-2 a kind of leprosy.

-वस a. difficult to be resided in.

-वसतिः f. painful residence; R.8.94.

-वह a. heavy, difficult to be borne; दुर्वहगर्भखिन्नसीता U.2.1; Ku.1.11.

-वाच् a. speaking ill. (-f.)

1 evil words, abuse.

-2 inelegant language or speech.

-वाच्य a.

1 difficult to be spoken or uttered.

-2 abusive, scurrilous.

-3 harsh, cruel (as words).

(-च्यम्) 1 censure, abuse.

-2 scandal, ill-repute.

-वातः a fart. ˚वातय Den. P. to break wind or fart; इत्येके विहसन्त्येनमेके दुर्वातयन्ति च Bhāg.11.23.4.

-वादः slander, defamation, calumny.

-वार, -वारण a. irresistible, unbearable; R.14.87; किं चायमरिदुर्वारः पाणौ पाशः प्रचेतसः Ku.2.21.

-वासना 1 evil propensity, wicked desire; कः शत्रुर्वद खेददानकुशलो दुर्वासनासंचयः Bv. 1.86.

-2 a chimera.

-वासस् a.

1 ill-dressed.

-2 naked. (-m.) N. of a very irascible saint or Ṛiṣi, son of Atri and Anasūyā. (He was very hard to please, and he cursed many a male and female to suffer misery and degradation. His anger, like that of Jama- dagni, has become almost proverbial.)

-वाहितम् a heavy burden; उरोजपूर्णकुम्भाङ्का सदुर्वाहितविभ्रमा Rāj. T.4.18.

-विगाह, -विगाह्य a. difficult to be penetrated or fathomed, unfathomable.

-विचिन्त्य inconcei- vable, inscrutable

-विद a. difficult to be known or discovered; नूनं गतिः कृतान्तस्य प्राज्ञैरपि सुदुर्विदा Mb.7.78. 2.

-विदग्ध 1 unskilled, raw, foolish, stupid, silly.

-2 wholly ignorant.

-3 foolishly puffed up, elated. vainly proud; वृथाशस्त्रग्रहणदुर्विदग्ध Ve.3; ज्ञानलवदुर्विदग्धं ब्रह्मापि नरं न रञ्जयति Bh.2.3.

-विद्ध a. Badly perforated (a pearl); Kau. A.2.11.

-विद्य a. uneducated; Rāj. T.1.354.

-विध a.

1 mean, base, low.

-2 wicked, vile.

-3 poor, indigent; विदधाते रुचिगर्वदुर्विधम् N.2.23.

-4 stupid, foolish, silly; विविनक्ति न बुद्धिदुर्विधः Śi.16.39.

-विनयः misconduct, imprudence.

-विनीत a.

1 (a) badly educated, ill-mannered; ill-behaved, wicked; शासितरि दुर्विनीतानाम् Ś.1.24. (b) rude, naughty, mis- chievous.

-2 stubborn, obstinate.

(-तः) 1 a restive or untrained horse.

-2 a wayward person, reprobate.

-विपाक a. producing bad fruit; श्रितासि चन्दनभ्रान्त्या दुर्विपाकं विषद्रुमम् U.1.46.

(-कः) 1 bad result or conse- quence; U.1.4; किं नो विधिरिह वचने$प्यक्षमो दुर्विपाकः Mv. 6.7.

-2 evil consequences of acts done either in this or in a former birth.

-विभाव्य a. inconceivable; also दुर्विभाव; असद्वृत्तेरहो वृत्तं दुर्विभावं विधेरिव Ki.11.56.

-विमर्श a. difficult to be tried or examined; यो दुर्विमर्शपथया निजमाययेदं सृष्ट्वा गुणान्विभजते तदनुप्रविष्टः Bhāg.1.49.29.

-विलसितम् a wayward act, rudeness, naughtiness; डिम्भस्य दुर्विलसितानि मुदे गुरूणाम् B. R.4.6.

-विलासः a bad or evil turn of fate; U.1.

-विवाहः a censurable marriage; इतरेषु तु शिष्टेषु नृशंसानृतवादिनः । जायन्ते दुर्विवाहेषु ब्रह्मधर्मद्विषः सुताः ॥ Ms.3.41.

-विष a. ill-natured, malignant. (

-षः) N. of Śiva.

-विषह a. unbearable, intolerable, irresistible. (

-हः) N. of Śiva.

-वृत्त a.

1 vile, wicked, ill-behaved.

-2 roguish. (

-त्तम्) misconduct, ill-behaviour. दुर्वृत्तवृत्तशमनं तव देवि शीलम् Devīmāhātmya.

-वृत्तिः f.

1 misconduct.

-2 misery, want, distress.

-3 fraud.

-वृष्टिः f. insufficient rain, drought.

-वेद a. difficult to be known or ascertained.

-व्यवहारः a wrong judgment in law.

-व्यवहृतिः f. ill-report or rumour.

-व्यसनम् 1 a fond pursuit or resolve; Mu.3.

-2 bad propensity, vice; तेन दुर्व्यसनेनासीद्भोजने$पि कदर्थना Ks.73.73.

-व्रत a. not conforming to rules, disobedient.

-हुतम् a badly offered sacrifice.

-हृद् a. wicked-hearted, ill-disposed, inimical; अकुर्वतोर्वां शुश्रूषां क्लिष्टयोर्दुर्हृदा भृशम् Bhāg.1.45.9. (-m.) an enemy.

-हृदय a. evil-minded, evil-intention- ed, wicked.

-हृषीक a. having defective organs of sense.